Classification of organic ecotype soilless culture

Classification of organic ecotype soilless culture

The organic ecotype soilless culture is generally divided into trough culture, bag culture and three-dimensional vertical culture.

Trough culture

The common organic ecotype soilless culture type is trough culture. Materials such as wood boards, wooden strips, bricks, bamboo poles and other materials can be used to build grooves. In order to prevent the infection of soil diseases and pests, a layer of 0.1 thick plastic film is laid at the bottom of the trench after the trench is successfully constructed.

If vines such as cucumbers, pumpkins, zucchini, or tall plants are cultivated, the slot frame should be 15-20 cm, but the slot width should be 48 cm, and the slot spacing should be about 1 m.

On the contrary, if strawberry, lettuce, rape and other crops with shorter plants are cultivated, the slot frame should be 15-20cm, the slot width should be 72-96cm, and the slot spacing should be 0.5-0.8m.

Bag culture

Select a black aging resistant and opaque film bag with a width of 30 cm and a height of 15 cm from the substrate, and make it into a cultivation bag that can hold 10-15 liters of substrate inside; The shape can also be made into a rectangular cultivation bag that can hold 20-30 liters of substrate inside.

In order to prevent the death of plant retting roots, 2-3 small holes of about 1cm are opened at the bottom and both sides of the cultivation bag to make the accumulated water.

Three-dimensional vertical cultivation

Three-dimensional vertical cultivation is divided into columnar and long bag cultivation. The columnar cultivation generally uses rigid plastic pipes, with holes around them, and crops are planted on the substrate inside the holes; For long bag cultivation, plastic film bags with thickness of 15mm, thickness of 0.15-0.2m and length of 2m are used. As for columnar cultivation, holes are opened around the bags, and crops are planted on the substrate inside the holes.

Configuration of culture medium

It is very important to configure the cultivation substrate of the organic ecotype soilless culture. The raw materials of the substrate are divided into organic and inorganic.

Organic matrix

The use of agricultural wastes such as crop stalks and mushroom residues is cheap and environmentally friendly, and can also be continuously regenerated. The planting effect is ideal, and the crop yield is very high

Inorganic matrix

There are many materials available for inorganic matrix, such as sand, ceramsite, vermiculite, cinder, weathered coal, perlite, etc.

The effect will be better if organic matrix and inorganic matrix materials are mixed. According to the production areas in China, the following typical cultivation matrix formula can be used:

The organic-ecological soilless cultivation technology irrigates plants with clean water, which does not require a high irrigation system. The water source can be directly supplied by tap water or pressure pump.

Before adopting the organic ecotype soilless cultivation technology, the seedlings should be raised in a soilless manner. The substrate should be mixed evenly and then loaded into the hole tray. After watering, the seeds can be sown. When sowing, put one seed into each hole, cover it with thin vermiculite after sowing, and remove the cover in time after seedling emergence, and then plant in one month.